Metallothionein, Autism, Zinc deficiency
source: http://terefenko.lib.bioinfo.pl/auid:168135
clipped by chiroted Oct 16, 2007
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EMBO J. 2001 Mar 1;20 (5):1114-22 11230134 [Cited: 9] The transcription factors MTF-1 and USF1 cooperate to regulate mouse metallothionein-I expression in response to the essential metal zinc in visceral endoderm cells during early development. During early development of the mouse embryo, expression of the metallothionein-I (MT-I) gene is heightened specifically in the endoderm cells of the visceral yolk sac. The mechanisms of regulation of this cell-specific pattern of expression of metallothionein-I are unknown. However, it has recently been shown that MTF-1, functioning as a metalloregulatory transcription factor, activates metallothionein genes in response to the essential metal zinc. In contrast with the metallothionein genes, MTF-1 is essential for development; null mutant embryos die due to liver degeneration. We report here that MTF-1 is absolutely essential for upregulation of MT-I gene expression in visceral endoderm cells and that optimal expression also involves interactions of the basic helix-loop-helix upstream stimulatory factor-1 (USF1) with an E-box1-containing sequence at -223 bp in the MT-I promoter. Expression of MT-I in visceral endoderm cells was dependent on maternal dietary zinc. Thus, the essential metal, zinc, apparently provides the signaling ligand that activates cell-specific MT-I expression in visceral endoderm cells. Mesh-terms: Alkaline Phosphatase, genetics; Animals; DNA-Binding Proteins, metabolism; Diet; Embryo and Fetal Development, drug effects; Embryo and Fetal Development, genetics; Endoderm, cytology; Endoderm, drug effects; Endoderm, metabolism; Female; Gene Deletion; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, drug effects; Genotype; Histocytochemistry; Metallothionein, genetics; Metallothionein, metabolism; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; Pregnancy; Promoter Regions (Genetics), genetics; RNA, Messenger, genetics; RNA, Messenger, metabolism; Response Elements, genetics; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Transcription Factors, genetics; Transcription Factors, metabolism; Yolk Sac, cytology; Yolk Sac, drug effects; Yolk Sac, embryology; Yolk Sac, metabolism; Zinc, administration & dosage; Zinc, deficiency; Zinc, pharmacology; 
Notes by chiroted:
DNA for Metallothionein-I expression with Antidote Zinc Orotate!